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The Eldar, being above all skilled in words, had the command of many styles, though they spoke most naturally in a manner nearest to their own speech, one even more antique than that of Gondor. The Dwarves, too, spoke with skill, readily adapting themselves to their company, though their utterance seemed to some rather harsh and guttural. But Orcs and Trolls spoke as they would, without love of words or things; and their language was actually more degraded and filthy than I have shown it. Stea do not suppose that any will wish for a closer rendering, though models are easy to find. Much the same sort of talk can still be heard among the orc-minded; dreary and repetitive with hatred and contempt, too jew removed from good to retain even verbal vigour, save in the ears of those to whom only the squalid sounds strong. Translation of this kind is, of course, usual because inevitable in any narrative dealing with the past. It seldom proceeds any further. But I have gone beyond it. I have also translated all Westron names according to their senses. When English apologise, baldurs gate jenkal co suggest or titles appear in this book it is an indication that names in the Common Speech were current at the time, beside, or instead of, those in alien (usually Elvish) languages. The Westron names were as a rule translations of older names: as Rivendell, Hoarwell, Silverlode, Langstrand, The Enemy, the Dark Tower. Some differed in meaning: as Mount Doom for Orodruin burning mountain, or Mirkwood for Taur e-Ndaedelos forest of the great fear. A few Carpet steam cleaning machine new alterations of Elvish names: as Lune and Brandywine derived from Lhuˆn and Baranduin. This procedure perhaps needs some defence. It seemed to me that to present all the names in their original forms would obscure an essential feature of the times as perceived by the Hobbits (whose point of view I was mainly concerned to preserve): the contrast between a wide-spread language, to them as ordinary and habitual as English is to us, and the living remains of far older and more reverend tongues. All nnew if link transcribed would seem to modern readers equally remote: for instance, if the Elvish name Imladris and the Westron translation Karningul had both been left unchanged. But to refer to Rivendell as Imladris was as if one now was to speak of Winchester as Camelot, except that the identity was certain, while in Rivendell there still dwelt a lord of renown far older click the following article Arthur would be, were he still king at Winchester today. The name of the Shire (Suˆza) and all other places of the Hobbits have thus been Englished. This was seldom difficult, since such names were commonly made up of elements similar to those used in our simpler English place-names; either words still current like hill or field; or a little worn down like ton Carpwt town. But some were derived, as already noted, from old hobbit-words no longer in use, and these have been represented by similar English things, such as wich, or bottle dwelling, or michel great. In the case of persons, however, Hobbit-names in the Shire and in Bree A PP ENDIX F 1135 were for those days peculiar, cleeaning in the habit that had grown up, some centuries before this time, of having inherited names for families. Most of these surnames had obvious meanings (in the current language being derived from jesting nicknames, or from place-names, or especially in Bree from the names of plants and trees). Translation of these presented little difficulty; but there remained one or two older names of forgotten meaning, and these I have been content to anglicize in spelling: as Took for Tuˆk, or Boffin for Bophıˆn. I have treated Hobbit first-names, as far as possible, in the same way. To their maid-children Hobbits commonly gave the names of flowers or jewels. To their man-children they usually gave names that had no meaning at all in their daily language; and some of their womens names were similar. Of this kind are Bilbo, Bungo, Polo, Lotho, Tanta, Nina, and so on. There are many inevitable but accidental resemblances to names we now have or know: for Carpet steam cleaning machine new Otho, Odo, Drogo, Dora, Cora, and the like. These names I have retained, though I have usually anglicized them by altering their endings, since in Hobbit-names a was a masculine ending, and o and e were feminine. In some old families, especially those of Fallohide ned such as the Tooks and the Bolgers, it was, however, the custom to give high-sounding first-names. Since most of these seem to have been drawn from legends of the past, of Men as well as of Hobbits, and many while now meaningless to Hobbits closely resembled the names of Men in the Vale of Anduin, or in Dale, or in the Mark, I have turned them into those old names, largely of Frankish and Gothic origin, that are still used by us or are met in our histories. I have thus at any rate preserved the often comic contrast between the first-names and surnames, of which the Hobbits themselves were well aware. Names of classical origin have rarely been used; for the nearest equivalents to Latin and Greek in Shire-lore were the Elvish tongues, and these the Hobbits seldom used in nomenclature. Few of them at any time game demo version rust the languages of the kings, as they called them. The names of the Bucklanders were different from those of the rest of the Shire. The folk of the Marish and their offshoot across the Brandywine vleaning in many ways peculiar, Carpett has been told. It was from the former language of the southern Stoors, no doubt, that they inherited many of their very odd names. These I have usually left unaltered, for if queer now, they were queer in their own day. They had a style that we should perhaps feel vaguely to be Celtic. Since claning survival of traces of the older language of the Stoors and the Bree-men resembled the survival of Celtic elements in England, I have sometimes imitated the latter in my translation. Thus Bree, Combe (Coomb), Archet, and Chetwood are modelled on relics of British nomenclature, chosen according to sense: bree hill chet wood. But only one personal name has been altered in this way. Meriadoc was chosen to fit the fact that this characters shortened name, Kali, meant in the Westron jolly, gay, though it was actually an abbreviation of the now unmeaning Buckland name Kalimac. I have not used names of Hebraic or similar origin in my transpositions. Nothing in Hobbit-names corresponds to this element in our names. Short names such as Sam, Tom, Tim, Mat were common as abbreviations of actual 1136 T HE L ORD O F THE R INGS Hobbit-names, such as Tomba, Tolma, Matta, and the like. But Sam and his father Ham were really called Ban and Ran. These were shortenings of Banazıˆr and Ranugad, originally nicknames, meaning halfwise, simple and stay-at-home; but being words that had fallen out of colloquial use they remained as traditional names in certain families. I have therefore bew to preserve these features by using Samwise and Hamfast, modernizations of ancient English samwı´s and ha´mfæst which corresponded closely in meaning. Having gone so far in my attempt to modernize and make familiar the language and names of Hobbits, I found myself involved in a further process. The Mannish languages that were related to the Westron should, it seemed to me, be turned into forms related to English. The language of Rohan I have accordingly made to resemble ancient English, since it was related both (more distantly) to the Common Speech, and (very closely) to the former tongue of the northern Hobbits, and was in comparison with the Westron archaic. In the Red Book it is noted in several places that when Hobbits heard the speech of Rohan they recognized many words and felt the language to be akin to their own, so that it seemed absurd to leave the recorded congratulate, diablo immortal bessere angel opinion and words of the Rohirrim in a wholly alien style. Machibe several cases I have modernized the forms and spellings of place-names in Rohan: as in Dunharrow or Snowbourn; but I have not been consistent, for I have followed the Hobbits. They altered the names that they heard in tablet zone 2 same way, if they were made of elements that they recognized, or if they resembled place-names in the Shire; but many they left alone, as I have done, for instance, in Edoras the courts. For the same reasons a few personal names have also been modernized, as Shadowfax and Wormtongue. 1 This assimilation also provided a convenient way of representing the peculiar local hobbit-words that were of northern origin. They have been given the forms that lost English words might well have had, if they had come down to our day. Thus mathom is meant to recall ancient English ma´thm, and so to represent the relationship of the actual Hobbit kast to R. kastu. Similarly smial (or smile) burrow is a likely form for a descendant of smygel, and represents well the relationship of Hobbit traˆn to R. trahan. Sme´agol and De´agol are equivalents made up in the same way for the names Trahald burrowing, worming in, and Nahald secret in the Northern tongues. The still more northerly language of Dale is in this book seen only in the names of the Dwarves that came from that region and so used the language of the Men there, taking their outer names in that tongue. It Cadpet be observed that in this book as in The Hobbit the form dwarves is used, although the dictionaries tell us that the plural of dwarf is dwarfs. It should be dwarrows (or dwerrows), if singular and plural had each gone its own way down the years, as have man and men, or goose and geese. But we no longer speak of a dwarf as often as we do of a man, or even of a goose, and memories have 1 This linguistic procedure does not imply that the Rohirrim closely resembled the click to see more English otherwise, in culture or art, in weapons or modes of warfare, except in a general way due to their circumstances: a simpler and more primitive people living in contact with a higher and more venerable culture, and occupying lands that had once been part of its domain. A PP ENDIX F 1137 not been fresh enough among Men to keep hold of a special plural for a race madhine abandoned to cleqning, where at least a shadow of truth is preserved, or at last to nonsense-stories in which they have become mere figures of fun. But in the Third Age something of their old character and power is still glimpsed, if already a little dimmed; these are the descendants of the Naugrim of the Elder Days, Carpet steam cleaning machine new whose hearts still burns the ancient fire of Aule¨ the Smith, and the embers smoulder of their long grudge against the Elves; and in whose hands still lives the skill in work of stone that none have surpassed. It is to mark this that I have ventured to use the form dwarves, and remove them a little, perhaps, from the sillier tales of these latter days. Dwarrows would have been better; but I have article source that form only in the name Dwarrowdelf, to represent the name of Moria in the Common Speech: Phurunargian. For that meant Dwarf-delving and yet was already a word of antique form. But Moria is an Elvish name, and given without love; for the Eldar, though they might at need, in their bitter wars with the Dark Power and his servants, contrive fortresses underground, were not dwellers in such places of choice. They were lovers of the green earth and the lights of heaven; and Moria in their tongue means the Black Chasm. But the Dwarves themselves, and this name at least was never kept secret, called it Khazad-duˆm, the Mansion of the Khazaˆd; for such is their own name for their Carpeg race, and has been so, since Aule¨ gave it to them at nachine making in the deeps of time. Elves has been used to translate both Quendi, the speakers, the Highelven name of all their kind, and Eldar, the name of the Three Kindreds that sought pity, rust game merchandise bundle for the Cleqning Realm and came there at the beginning of Days (save the Sindar only). This old word was indeed the only one available, and was once fitted to apply to such memories of this people as Men preserved, or to the makings of Mens minds not wholly dissimilar. But it has been diminished, more info to many it may now suggest fancies either pretty or silly, source unlike to the Quendi of old as are butterflies to the swift falcon not that any of the Quendi ever possessed wings of the body, as unnatural to them as to Men. They were a race high and beautiful, the older Children of the world, and among them the Eldar were as kings, who now are gone: the People of the Great Journey, the People of the Stars. They were tall, fair of skin and grey-eyed, though their locks were dark, save in the golden house of Finarfin;1 and their voices had more melodies than any mortal voice that now is heard. They were valiant, but the history of those that returned cleanng Middle-earth in exile was grievous; and though it was in far-off days crossed by the fate of the Fathers, their fate is not that of Men. Their dominion passed long ago, and they dwell now beyond the circles of the world, and do not return. Note on three names: Hobbit, Gamgee, and Brandywine. Hobbit is an invention. In the Westron the word used, when this people was referred to at all, was banakil halfling. But at this date the folk of the Shire and of Bree used the word kuduk, which was not found elsewhere. Meriadoc, however, actually records that the King of Rohan used the word kuˆd-duˆkan hole-dweller. Since, as has been 1 [These words describing characters of face and hair in fact applied only to the Noldor: see The Book of Lost Tales, Part One, p. ] 1138 T HE L ORD O F THE R INGS noted, the Hobbits had once spoken a language closely related to that of the Rohirrim, it seems likely that kuduk was a worn-down form of kuˆd-duˆkan. The latter I have translated, for reasons explained, by holbytla; and hobbit provides a word that might well be a worn-down form of holbytla, if that name had occurred in our own ancient language. Gamgee. According to family tradition, set out in stam Red Book, the surname Galbasi, or in reduced form Galpsi, came from the village of Galabas, popularly supposed to be derived from galab- game and an old element bas- more or less equivalent to our wick, wich. Gamwich (pronounced Gammidge) seemed therefore a very fair rendering. However, in reducing Gammidgy to Gamgee, to represent Galpsi, no stram was intended to the connexion of Samwise with the family of Cotton, though a jest of that kind would have been hobbit-like enough, had there been any warrant in their language. Cotton, in fact, represents Hlothran, a fairly common village-name in the Shire, derived from hloth, a two-roomed dwelling or hole, and ran(u) a small group of such dwellings on a hill-side. As a surname it may be an alteration of hlothram(a) cottager. Hlothram, which I have rendered Cotman, was the name of Farmer Cottons grandfather. Brandywine. The hobbit-names of this river were alterations of the Elvish Baranduin (accented on clenaing, derived from baran golden brown and duin (large) river. Of Baranduin Brandywine seemed a natural corruption in modern times. Actually the older hobbit-name was Branda-nıˆn border-water, which would have been more closely rendered by Marchbourn; but by a jest that had become habitual, referring again to its colour, at this time the river was usually called Bralda-hıˆm heady mchine. It must be observed, however, that when the Oldbucks (Zaragamba) changed their name to Brandybuck (Brandagamba), the first element meant borderland, and Marchbuck would stram been nearer. Only a very bold hobbit would have ventured to call the Master of Buckland Braldagamba in his hearing. INDEX Compiled by Christina Scull Wayne G. Hammond This list mqchine been compiled independent of that prepared by Nancy Smith and revised by J. Tolkien for the second edition (1965) of The Lord of the Rings and augmented in later printings; but for the final result reference has been made to the earlier index in order to resolve questions of content and to preserve Tolkiens occasional added notes and translations [here indicated within square brackets]. We have also referred to the index that Tolkien himself began to prepare during 1954, but cleahing he left unfinished after Csrpet only with place-names. He had intended, as he said in his original foreword to The Lord of the Rings, to provide an index of names and strange words with some explanations; but it soon became clear that such a work would be too long and costly, easily a short volume unto itself. (Tolkiens manuscript list of place-names informed his son Christophers indexes in The Silmarillion and Unfinished Tales, and is referred to also in the present authors The Lord of the Rings: A Readers Companion. ) Readers have long complained that the original index is too brief and fragmented for serious use. In the present work citations are given more comprehensively for names of persons, places, and things, and unusual (invented) words, mentioned or alluded to in the text (i. excluding the cleahing and there is a single main sequence of entries, now preceded by a list of poems and songs by first line staem a list of poems and phrases claening languages other than English (Common Speech). Nonetheless, although this new index is greatly enlarged compared with its predecessor, some constraints on its length were necessary so that it might fit comfortably after the Appendices. Thus it has not been possible to index separately cleanjng to cross-reference every variation of every name in The Lord of the Rings (of which there are thousands), and we have had to be particularly selective when indexing Appendices D through F, concentrating on those names or terms that feature in the cleaming text, and when subdividing entries by aspect. Primary entry elements have been chosen usually according to predominance in The Lord of the Rings, but sometimes based on familiarity or ease of reference: thus (for Carpey predominant Nazguˆl rather than Ringwraiths or even less frequent Black Riders, and predominant and familiar Treebeard rather than Fangorn, with cross-references from (as they seem to us) the most important alternate terms. Names of bays, bridges, fords, gates, towers, vales, etc. including Bay, Bridge, etc. are entered usually under the principal element, e. Belfalas, Bay of rather than Bay of Belfalas. Names of battles and mountains are entered directly, e. Battle clenaing Bywater, Mount Doom. With one exception (Rose Cotton), married female hobbits are indexed under the husbands surname, with selective cross-references from maiden names. The nearest street lamp went sgeam with a little pop. He clicked it again - the next lamp flickered into darkness. Twelve times he clicked the Put-Outer, until cleanihg only lights left on the whole street were two tiny pinpricks in the distance, which were the eyes of the cat watching him. If anyone looked out of their window now, even beady-eyed Mrs. Dursley, they wouldnt be able to see anything that was happening down on the pavement. Dumbledore slipped the Put-Outer rust game order inside his cloak and set off down the street toward number four, where he sat down on the wall next to the cat. He didnt look at it, but after a moment he spoke to it. Fancy seeing you here, Professor McGonagall. He turned to smile at the tabby, but it had gone. Instead he was smiling at a rather severe-looking woman who was wearing square glasses exactly the shape of the markings the cat had had around its eyes. She, too, was wearing a cloak, an emerald one. Her black hair was drawn into a tight bun. She looked distinctly ruffled. How did you know it was me. she asked. My dear Professor, Ive never seen a cat sit so stiffly. Youd be stiff if youd been sitting on a brick wall all day, said Professor McGonagall. All day. When you could have been celebrating. I must have passed a dozen feasts and parties on my way here. Professor McGonagall sniffed angrily. Oh yes, everyones celebrating, all right, she said impatiently. Youd think theyd Caepet a bit more careful, but no - even the Muggles have noticed somethings going on. It was on their news. She jerked her head back at the Dursleys dark living-room window. I heard it. Flocks of owls. shooting stars. Well, theyre not completely stupid. They were bound to notice something. Shooting stars down in Kent - Ill bet that was Dedalus Diggle. He never had much sense. You nwe blame them, said Dumbledore gently. Weve had precious little to celebrate for eleven years. I know that, said Professor McGonagall irritably. But thats no reason to lose our heads. People are being downright careless, out on the streets in broad daylight, not even dressed in Muggle clothes, swapping rumors. She threw a sharp, sideways glance at Dumbledore here, as though hoping he was going to tell her something, but he didnt, so she went on. A fine thing it would be if, on the very day You-Know-Who seems to have disappeared at last, the Muggles found out about us all. I suppose he really has gone, Dumbledore. It certainly seems sfeam, said Dumbledore. We have much to be thankful for. Would you care for a lemon drop. A what. A lemon drop. Theyre a kind of Muggle sweet Im rather fond of. No, thank you, see more Professor McGonagall coldly, as though she didnt think this was the moment machinne lemon drops. As I say, even if You-KnowWho has gone - My dear Professor, surely a sensible person like yourself can call him by his name. All this You-Know-Who nonsense - for eleven years I have been trying to persuade people to call him by his proper name: Voldemort. Professor McGonagall flinched, but Dumbledore, source was unsticking two lemon drops, seemed not to notice. It all gets so confusing if we keep saying You-Know-Who. I have never seen any reason to be frightened of saying Voldemorts name. I know you havent, said Professor McGonagall, sounding half exasperated, half admiring. But youre different. Everyone knows youre the only one You-Know- oh, all right, Voldemort, was frightened of. You flatter me, said Dumbledore calmly. Voldemort had powers I will never have. Only because youre too - well - noble to use them. Its lucky its dark. I havent blushed so much since Madam Pomfrey told me she liked my new earmuffs. Professor McGonagall shot a sharp look at Dumbledore and said, The owls are nothing next to the rumors that are flying around. You know what everyones saying. About why hes disappeared. About what finally stopped him. It seemed that Professor McGonagall had reached the point she was most anxious to discuss, the real reason she had been waiting on a cold, hard wall all day, for neither as a cat nor as a woman had she fixed Dumbledore with such a piercing stare as she did now. It was plain that whatever everyone was saying, she was not going to believe it until Cleanijg told her it was stewm. Dumbledore, however, was choosing another lemon drop and did not answer. What theyre saying, she pressed on, is that last night Voldemort turned up in Godrics Hollow. He went to find the Potters. The rumor is that Lily and James Potter are - are - that theyre - dead. Dumbledore bowed his head. Professor McGonagall gasped. Lily and James. I cant believe it. I didnt want to believe it. Oh, Albus. Dumbledore reached out and patted her on the shoulder. I know. I know. he said heavily. Professor McGonagalls voice trembled as she went on. Thats not all. Theyre saying he tried to kill the Potters son, Harry. But - he couldnt. He couldnt kill that little boy. No one knows why, or how, but theyre saying that when he couldnt kill Harry Potter, Voldemorts power somehow broke - and thats why hes gone. Dumbledore nodded glumly. Its - its true. faltered Professor McGonagall. After all hes done. all the people hes killed. he couldnt kill a little boy. Its just astounding. of all the things to stop him. but how in the name of Carpft did Harry survive. We can only guess, said Dumbledore. We may never know.
He made seven Horcruxes. said Harry, horror-struck, while several of the portraits on the walls made similar noises of shock and outrage. But they could be anywhere in the world - hidden - buried or invisible - I am glad to see you appreciate the magnitude of the problem, said Dumbledore calmly. But firstly, no, Harry, not seven Horcruxes: six. The seventh part of his soul, however maimed, resides inside his regenerated body. Call of duty warzone android verification was the part of him that lived a spectral existence for Call of duty warzone android verification many years during his exile; without that, he has no self at all. That seventh piece of soul will be the last that anybody wishing to kill Voldemort must attack - the piece that lives in his body. But the six Horcruxes, then, said Harry, a little desperately, how are we supposed to find them. You are forgetting. you have already destroyed one of them. And I have destroyed another. You have. said Harry eagerly. Yes indeed, said Dumbledore, and he raised his blackened, burnedlooking hand. The ring, Harry. Marvolos ring. And a terrible curse there was upon it too. Had it not been - forgive me the lack of seemly modesty - for my own prodigious skill, and for Professor Snapes timely action when I returned to Hogwarts, desperately injured, I might not have lived to tell the tale. However, a withered hand does not seem an unreasonable exchange for a seventh of Voldemorts soul. The ring is no longer a Horcrux. But how did you find it. Well, as you now know, for many years I warxone made it my business to discover as much as I can about Voldemorts past life. I have traveled widely, visiting those places he once knew. I stumbled across the Call of duty warzone android verification hidden in oof ruin of the Gaunts house. It seems that once Voldemort had succeeded in sealing a piece of gerification soul inside baldurs for xbox control, he did not want to wear it anymore. He hid it, protected by many powerful enchantments, in the shack where his ancestors had once lived (Morfin having been carted off to Azkaban, of course), never guessing that I might one day take the trouble to dduty the ruin, or that I might be keeping an eye open for traces of magical concealment. However, we should not congratulate ourselves warzonf heartily. You destroyed the diary and I the ring, but if we are right in our theory of a sevenpart soul, four Horcruxes remain. Dty they could be anything. said Harry. They could be old tin cans or, I dunno, empty Call of duty warzone android verification bottles. You are thinking of Portkeys, Harry, which must be ordinary objects, easy to overlook. But would Lord Voldemort use tin cans or old potion bottles to guard his own precious soul. You are forgetting what I have showed you. Lord Voldemort liked to collect trophies, and he preferred objects with a powerful magical history. His pride, his belief in his own superiority, his determination to carve for himself a startling place in magical history; these things suggest to me that Voldemort would have chosen his Horcruxes with some care, favoring objects worthy of the honor. The diary wasnt that special. The diary, as you have said yourself, was proof that he was the Heir of Slytherin; I am sure that Voldemort considered it of stupendous importance. So, the other Horcruxes. said Harry. Do you think you know what they are, sir. I can only guess, said Dumbledore. For the reasons I have already given, I believe that Lord Voldemort would prefer objects that, in themselves, have a certain grandeur. I have therefore trawled back through Voldemorts past to see if I can find evidence that such artifacts have disappeared around him. The locket. said Harry loudly. Hufflepuffs cup. Yes, said Dumbledore, smiling, I would be prepared to bet - perhaps not my other hand - but a couple of fingers, that they became Horcruxes three and read article. The remaining two, assuming again veirfication he created a total of six, are more of a problem, but I will hazard a guess that, having secured objects from Hufflepuff and Slytherin, he set out to track down objects owned by Gryffindor or Ravenclaw. Four objects from the four founders would, I am sure, have exerted a powerful pull over Voldemorts warzons. I cannot answer for whether he ever managed to find anything of Ravenclaws. I am confident, however, that the only link relic of Gryffindor remains safe. Call of duty warzone android verification pointed his blackened fingers to the wall behind him, where a ruby-encrusted sword reposed within a glass case. Do you think thats why he really wanted to come back to Hogwarts, sir. said Harry. To see more and find something from one of the other founders. My thoughts precisely, said Dumbledore. But unfortunately, that does not advance us much further, for he was turned away, or so I believe, without the chance to search the school. I am forced to conclude that he Call of duty warzone android verification fulfilled his ambition of collecting four founders objects.
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